Litiiso tsa mechinebapala karolo ea bohlokoa haholo ho qoba ho lutla ha liindasteri tse ngata tse fapaneng. Ka indasteri ea metsing ho na lepompo litiiso tsa mochini, litiiso tsa mochini tse potolohang tsa shaft. Le indastering ea oli le khase li tenglitiiso tsa mochini oa cartridge,arola litiiso tsa mochini kapa litiiso tsa mochini o omileng oa khase. Liindastering tsa likoloi ho na le litiiso tsa mochini oa metsi. 'Me indastering ea lik'hemik'hale ho na le li-mixer mechanical seals (agitator mechanical seals) le li-compressor mechanical seals.
Ho ipapisitse le maemo a fapaneng a ts'ebeliso, e hloka tharollo ea ho tiisa ka mochini ka thepa e fapaneng. Ho na le mefuta e mengata ea lisebelisoa tse sebelisitsoeng sebakeng sa marang-ranglitiiso tsa shaft tsa mochini joalo ka litiiso tsa mochini oa ceramic, litiiso tsa mochini oa carbon, litiiso tsa mochini oa silicone carbide,Litiiso tsa mechine ea SSIC leLitiiso tsa mechini tsa TC.
Litiiso tsa mechine ea ceramic
Litiiso tsa mochini oa ceramic ke likarolo tsa bohlokoa lits'ebetsong tse fapaneng tsa indasteri, tse etselitsoeng ho thibela ho lutla ha maro lipakeng tsa libaka tse peli, joalo ka shaft e potolohang le ntlo e emeng. Litiiso tsena li nkoa e le tsa bohlokoa haholo ka lebaka la ho se mamelle ha tsona ka mokhoa o ikhethang, ho hanyetsa kutu, le bokhoni ba ho mamella mocheso o feteletseng.
Karolo e ka sehloohong ea litiiso tsa mochini oa ceramic ke ho boloka botšepehi ba lisebelisoa ka ho thibela tahlehelo ea mokelikeli kapa tšilafalo. Li sebelisoa liindastering tse ngata, ho kenyelletsa oli le khase, ts'ebetso ea lik'hemik'hale, kalafo ea metsi, meriana le phepelo ea lijo. Tšebeliso e atileng ea litiiso tsena e ka bakoa ke kaho ea tsona e tšoarellang nako e telele; li entsoe ka lisebelisoa tse tsoetseng pele tsa ceramic tse fanang ka litšobotsi tse phahameng tsa ts'ebetso ha li bapisoa le lisebelisoa tse ling tsa tiiso.
Litiiso tsa mochini oa ceramic li na le likarolo tse peli tsa mantlha: e 'ngoe ke sefahleho se emeng (hangata se entsoe ka thepa ea ceramic),' me e 'ngoe ke sefahleho sa mochini oa rotary (hangata se entsoe ka carbon graphite). Ketso ea ho tiisa e etsahala ha lifahleho ka bobeli li hatelloa hammoho ho sebelisa matla a selemo, ho theha mokoallo o sebetsang khahlanong le ho lutla ha mokelikeli. Ha lisebelisoa li ntse li sebetsa, filimi e tlotsang pakeng tsa lifahleho tse koalang e fokotsa ho ferekana le ho roala ha e ntse e boloka tiiso e tiileng.
Ntho e 'ngoe ea bohlokoa e khethollang litiiso tsa mochini oa ceramic ho tsoa mefuteng e meng ke ho hanyetsa ha tsona ho apara. Lisebelisoa tsa ceramic li na le thepa e ntle ea ho thatafala e li lumellang ho mamella maemo a mahlaba ntle le tšenyo e kholo. Sena se fella ka litiiso tse tšoarellang nako e telele tse hlokang ho nchafatsoa kapa ho lokisoa khafetsa ho feta tse entsoeng ka thepa e bonolo.
Ntle le ho hanyetsa ho apara, li-ceramics li boetse li bontša botsitso bo ikhethang ba mocheso. Li khona ho mamella mocheso o phahameng ntle le ho senyeha kapa ho lahleheloa ke bokhoni ba tsona ba ho tiisa. Sena se etsa hore li tšoanelehe ho sebelisoa lits'ebetsong tsa mocheso o phahameng moo lisebelisoa tse ling tsa tiiso li ka 'nang tsa hlōleha pele ho nako.
Qetellong, litiiso tsa mochini oa ceramic li fana ka tšebelisano e ntle ea lik'hemik'hale, tse hanyetsanang le lintho tse fapaneng tse senyang. Sena se ba etsa khetho e khahlehang bakeng sa liindasteri tse tloaetseng ho sebetsana le lik'hemik'hale tse bohale le maro a mabifi.
Litiiso tsa mechine ea ceramic li bohlokoalikarolo litiisoe etselitsoe ho thibela ho lutla ha mokelikeli lisebelisoa tsa indasteri. Mehaho ea bona e ikhethang, joalo ka ho hanyetsa ho roala, botsitso ba mocheso, le ho tsamaellana le lik'hemik'hale, li li etsa khetho e ratoang bakeng sa lits'ebetso tse fapaneng liindastering tse ngata.
| thepa ea 'mele ea ceramic | ||||
| Tekheniki parameter | unit | 95% | 99% | 99.50% |
| Botenya | g/cm3 | 3.7 | 3.88 | 3.9 |
| Ho thatafala | HRA | 85 | 88 | 90 |
| Sekhahla sa porosity | % | 0.4 | 0.2 | 0.15 |
| Matla a robehileng | MPa | 250 | 310 | 350 |
| Coefficient ea ho atolosa mocheso | 10(-6)/K | 5.5 | 5.3 | 5.2 |
| Thermal conductivity | W/MK | 27.8 | 26.7 | 26 |
Litiiso tsa mechine ea carbon
Mechanical carbon seal e na le histori e telele. Graphite ke isoform ea element carbon. Ka 1971, United States e ile ea ithuta ka mokhoa o atlehileng oa ho tiisa oa graphite mechanical, o ileng oa rarolla ho lutla ha valve ea matla a athomo. Ka mor'a ts'ebetso e tebileng, graphite e feto-fetohang e fetoha thepa e babatsehang ea ho tiisa, e entsoeng ka litiiso tse sa tšoaneng tsa carbon mechanical ka phello ea likarolo tsa ho tiisa. Litiiso tsena tsa carbon mechanical li sebelisoa lik'hemik'hale, peterole, liindasteri tsa matla a motlakase tse kang tiiso ea mokelikeli o phahameng oa mocheso.
Hobane graphite e feto-fetohang e thehoa ka ho atolosoa ha graphite e atolositsoeng ka mor'a mocheso o phahameng, palo ea moemeli ea intercalating e setseng ka graphite e tenyetsehang e nyenyane haholo, empa eseng ka ho feletseng, kahoo ho ba teng le ho hlophisoa ha moemeli oa intercalation ho na le tšusumetso e kholo ho boleng. le tshebetso ya sehlahiswa.
Khetho ea lisebelisoa tsa sefahleho sa Carbon Seal
Moqapi oa pele o ile a sebelisa sulfuric acid e le 'ngoe e le sekontiri le se kopanyang. Leha ho le joalo, ka mor'a hore e sebelisoe tiisong ea karolo ea tšepe, sebabole se senyenyane se setseng ka graphite e feto-fetohang se ile sa fumanoa se senya tšepe ea ho kopana ka mor'a tšebeliso ea nako e telele. Ka lebaka la ntlha ena, litsebi tse ling tsa malapeng li lekile ho e ntlafatsa, tse kang Song Kemin ea ileng a khetha acetic acid le organic acid ho e-na le sulfuric acid. acid, e liehang ho nitric acid, le ho theola mocheso ho mocheso oa kamore, e entsoeng ka motsoako oa asiti ea nitric le acetic. Ka ho sebelisa motsoako oa asiti ea nitric le acetic e le ntho e kenyang, graphite e atolositsoeng e sa lefelloeng ea sebabole e ile ea lokisoa ka potassium permanganate e le oxidant, ’me asiti ea acetic e ile ea kenngoa butle-butle ho nitric acid. Thempereichara e fokotsoa hore e be mocheso oa kamore, 'me motsoako oa asiti ea nitric le acetic e etsoa. Ebe graphite ea tlhaho ea graphite le potassium permanganate li kenngoa motsoako ona. Tlas'a ho tsosoa kamehla, mocheso ke 30 C. Ka mor'a ho arabela 40min, metsi a hlatsuoa ho se nke lehlakore 'me a omisitsoe ho 50 ~ 60 C,' me graphite e atolositsoeng e etsoa ka mor'a ho atolosoa ha mocheso o phahameng. Mokhoa ona ha o finyelle ha ho vulcanization tlas'a boemo ba hore sehlahisoa se ka finyella tekanyo e itseng ea ho atolosa, e le ho finyella mokhoa o batlang o tsitsitse oa thepa ea ho tiisa.
| Mofuta | M106H | M120H | M106K | M120K | M106F | M120F | M106D | M120D | M254D |
| Brand | Emisitsoe | Emisitsoe | Phenol e kentsoeng | Antimony Carbon(A) | |||||
| Botenya | 1.75 | 1.7 | 1.75 | 1.7 | 1.75 | 1.7 | 2.3 | 2.3 | 2.3 |
| Matla a Fractural | 65 | 60 | 67 | 62 | 60 | 55 | 65 | 60 | 55 |
| Matla a Khatellang | 200 | 180 | 200 | 180 | 200 | 180 | 220 | 220 | 210 |
| Ho thatafala | 85 | 80 | 90 | 85 | 85 | 80 | 90 | 90 | 65 |
| Porosity | <1 | <1 | <1 | <1 | <1 | <1 | <1.5 | <1.5 | <1.5 |
| Mocheso | 250 | 250 | 250 | 250 | 250 | 250 | 400 | 400 | 450 |
Litiiso tsa mochini oa Silicon Carbide
Silicon carbide (SiC) e boetse e tsejoa e le carborundum, e entsoeng ka lehlabathe la quartz, petroleum coke (kapa coke ea mashala), li-chips tsa lehong (tse lokelang ho kenngoa ha li hlahisa silicon carbide e tala) joalo-joalo. Silicon carbide e boetse e na le liminerale tse sa tloaelehang ka tlhaho, mulberry. Mehleng ea kajeno ea C, N, B le lisebelisoa tse ling tse se nang oxide e phahameng tsa refractory, silicon carbide ke e 'ngoe ea lisebelisoa tse sebelisoang haholo le tsa moruo, tse ka bitsoang lehlabathe la tšepe ea khauta kapa lehlabathe le refractory. Hajoale, tlhahiso ea indasteri ea China ea silicon carbide e arotsoe ka silicon carbide e ntšo le silicon carbide e tala, tseo ka bobeli e leng likristale tsa hexagonal tse nang le karolo ea 3.20 ~ 3.25 le microhardness ea 2840 ~ 3320kg/m².
Lihlahisoa tsa silicon carbide li arotsoe ka mefuta e mengata ho latela tikoloho ea ts'ebeliso e fapaneng. Ka kakaretso e sebelisoa ka mokhoa o mongata. Ka mohlala, silicon carbide ke thepa e loketseng bakeng sa silicon carbide mechanical seal ka lebaka la khanyetso ea eona e ntle ea lik'hemik'hale, matla a phahameng, boima bo phahameng, ho hanyetsa ho apara hantle, coefficient e nyenyane ea likhohlano le mocheso o phahameng oa ho hanyetsa.
Mehele ea SIC Seal e ka aroloa ka selikalikoe se tsitsitseng, selikalikoe se tsamaeang, selikalikoe se bataletseng joalo-joalo. SiC silicon e ka etsoa lihlahisoa tse fapaneng tsa carbide, joalo ka silicon carbide rotary ring, silicon carbide stationary seat, silicon carbide bush, joalo-joalo, ho latela litlhoko tse khethehileng tsa bareki. E ka boela ea sebelisoa hammoho le lisebelisoa tsa graphite, 'me coefficient ea eona ea likhohlano e nyenyane ho feta alumina ceramic le alloy e thata, kahoo e ka sebelisoa ka boleng bo phahameng ba PV, haholo-holo boemong ba acid e matla le alkali e matla.
Khohlano e fokotsehileng ea SIC ke o mong oa melemo ea bohlokoa ea ho e sebelisa litiisong tsa mochini. Ka hona, SIC e ka mamella ho senya le ho taboha ho feta lisebelisoa tse ling, ho lelefatsa bophelo ba tiiso. Ntle le moo, likhohlano tse fokotsehileng tsa SIC li fokotsa tlhoko ea ho tlotsa. Ho hloka lubrication ho fokotsa monyetla oa ho silafala le ho bola, ho ntlafatsa ts'ebetso le ts'epahalo.
SIC e boetse e na le khanyetso e kholo ea ho apara. Sena se bontša hore e ka mamella tšebeliso e tsoelang pele ntle le ho senyeha kapa ho robeha. Sena se etsa hore e be thepa e phethahetseng bakeng sa ts'ebeliso e hlokang boemo bo phahameng ba ho ts'epahala le ho tšoarella.
E ka boela ea koaheloa hape le ho belisoa e le hore tiiso e ka nchafatsoa ka makhetlo a mangata bophelong bohle ba eona. Ka kakaretso e sebelisoa ka mokhoa o mongata, joalo ka litiiso tsa mochini bakeng sa khanyetso ea eona e ntle ea ho bola ha lik'hemik'hale, matla a phahameng, boima bo phahameng, ho hanyetsa ho apara hantle, coefficient e nyane ea likhohlano le ho hanyetsa mocheso o phahameng.
Ha e sebelisoa bakeng sa lifahleho tsa tiiso ea mochini, silicon carbide e fella ka ts'ebetso e ntlafetseng, bophelo bo eketsehileng ba tiiso, litšenyehelo tse tlaase tsa tlhokomelo, le litšenyehelo tse tlaase tsa ho sebetsa bakeng sa lisebelisoa tse potolohang tse kang li-turbine, li-compressor le lipompo tsa centrifugal. Silicon carbide e ka ba le thepa e fapaneng ho latela hore na e entsoe joang. Reaction bonded silicon carbide e thehoa ka ho kopanya likaroloana tsa silicon carbide ho tse ling molemong oa karabelo.
Ts'ebetso ena ha e ame haholo boholo ba thepa ea 'mele le ea mocheso ea thepa, leha ho le joalo e fokotsa khanyetso ea lik'hemik'hale ea thepa. Lik'hemik'hale tse tloaelehileng tse nang le bothata ke li-caustics (le lik'hemik'hale tse ling tse phahameng tsa pH) le li-acid tse matla, kahoo silicon carbide e kopantsoeng le reaction ha ea lokela ho sebelisoa le likopo tsena.
Reaction-sintered e kenelletsesilicon carbide. Linthong tse joalo, li-pores tsa thepa ea pele ea SIC li tletse ts'ebetsong ea ho kenella ka ho chesa silicon ea tšepe, kahoo SiC ea bobeli e hlaha 'me thepa e fumana thepa e ikhethang ea mochine, e fetoha e sa sebetseng. Ka lebaka la ho fokotseha ho fokolang, e ka sebelisoa ho hlahisa likarolo tse kholo le tse rarahaneng tse nang le mamello e haufi. Leha ho le joalo, lihlahisoa tsa silicon li lekanyetsa mocheso o phahameng oa ho sebetsa ho 1,350 ° C, khanyetso ea lik'hemik'hale e boetse e lekanyelitsoe ho hoo e ka bang pH 10. Boitsebiso ha bo khothalletsoe ho sebelisoa libakeng tse mabifi tsa alkaline.
Sinteredsilicon carbide e fumanoa ka ho tšela granulate e ntle haholo ea SIC e hatelitsoeng pele ka mocheso oa 2000 ° C ho theha maqhama a matla pakeng tsa lithollo tsa thepa.
Ntlha ea pele, lesela le teteaneng, joale porosity e fokotseha, 'me qetellong maqhama pakeng tsa sinter ea lijo-thollo. Ts'ebetsong e joalo, ho fokotseha ho hoholo ha sehlahisoa ho etsahala - hoo e ka bang 20%.
Lesale la tiiso la SSIC e hanyetsana le lik'hemik'hale tsohle. Kaha ha ho na silicon ea tšepe e teng mohahong oa eona, e ka sebelisoa mocheso ho fihlela ho 1600C ntle le ho ama matla a eona.
| thepa | R-SiC | S-SiC |
| Porosity (%) | ≤0.3 | ≤0.2 |
| Boima ba 'mele (g/cm3) | 3.05 | 3.1~3.15 |
| Ho thatafala | 110~125 (HS) | 2800 (kg/mm2) |
| Elastic Modulus (Gpa) | ≥400 | ≥410 |
| SiC Content (%) | ≥85% | ≥99% |
| Si Content (%) | ≤15% | 0.10% |
| Bend Strength (Mpa) | ≥350 | 450 |
| Matla a Khatellang (kg/mm2) | ≥2200 | 3900 |
| Coefficient ea katoloso ea mocheso (1/℃) | 4.5×10-6 | 4.3×10-6 |
| Ho hanyetsa mocheso (sepakapakeng) (℃) | 1300 | 1600 |
TC mochini tiiso
Lisebelisoa tsa TC li na le likarolo tsa ho thatafala ho hoholo, matla, ho hanyetsa abrasion le ho hanyetsa kutu. E tsejoa e le "Industrial Tooth". Ka lebaka la ts'ebetso ea eona e phahameng, e 'nile ea sebelisoa haholo indastering ea sesole, sefofane, ts'ebetso ea mechine, metallurgy, ho cheka oli, puisano ea elektronike, meaho le likarolo tse ling. Mohlala, lipompong, li-compressor le li-agitator, selikalikoe sa Tungsten carbide se sebelisoa e le litiiso tsa mochini. Khanyetso e ntle ea abrasion le boima bo phahameng bo etsa hore e tšoanelehe bakeng sa ho etsoa ha likarolo tse sa sebetseng tse nang le mocheso o phahameng, likhohlano le kutu.
Ho latela sebopeho sa eona sa lik'hemik'hale le litšoaneleho tsa ts'ebeliso, TC e ka aroloa ka mekhahlelo e mene: tungsten cobalt (YG), tungsten-titanium (YT), tungsten titanium tantalum (YW), le titanium carbide (YN).
Tungsten cobalt (YG) hard alloy e entsoe ka WC le Co. E loketse ho sebetsana le lisebelisoa tse senyang tse kang tšepe e entsoeng ka tšepe, tšepe e sa tsitsang le lisebelisoa tse se nang tšepe.
Stellite (YT) e entsoe ka WC, TiC le Co. Ka lebaka la ho eketsoa ha TiC ho alloy, ho hanyetsa ha eona hoa ntlafatsoa, empa matla a ho khumama, ts'ebetso ea ho sila le conductivity ea mocheso e fokotsehile. Ka lebaka la brittleness ea eona tlas'a mocheso o tlaase, e loketse feela bakeng sa lisebelisoa tse akaretsang tsa ho itšeha ka lebelo le phahameng eseng bakeng sa ho sebetsana le lisebelisoa tsa brittle.
Tungsten titanium tantalum (niobium) cobalt (YW) e ekeletsoa motsoako ho eketsa boima bo phahameng ba mocheso, matla le ho hanyetsa abrasion ka tekanyo e nepahetseng ea tantalum carbide kapa niobium carbide. Ka nako e ts'oanang, boima bo boetse bo ntlafatsoa ka ts'ebetso e ntle ea ho itšeha. E sebelisoa haholo-holo bakeng sa lisebelisoa tsa ho itšeha ka thata le ho itšeha ka nakoana.
The carbonized titanium base class (YN) ke motsoako o thata o nang le karolo e thata ea TiC, nickel le molybdenum. Melemo ea eona ke boima bo phahameng, matla a anti-bonding, anti-crescent wear le matla a anti-oxidation. Ka mocheso oa likhato tse fetang 1000, e ntse e ka etsoa ka mochini. E sebetsa ho tsoela pele-ho qeta tšepe ea alloy le tšepe ea ho tima.
| mohlala | litaba tsa nickel (wt%) | boima ba 'mele (g/cm²) | boimana(HRA) | matla a kobehang(≥N/mm²) |
| YN6 | 5.7-6.2 | 14.5-14.9 | 88.5-91.0 | 1800 |
| YN8 | 7.7-8.2 | 14.4-14.8 | 87.5-90.0 | 2000 |
| mohlala | litaba tsa cobalt (wt%) | boima ba 'mele (g/cm²) | boimana(HRA) | matla a kobehang(≥N/mm²) |
| YG6 | 5.8-6.2 | 14.6-15.0 | 89.5-91.0 | 1800 |
| YG8 | 7.8-8.2 | 14.5-14.9 | 88.0-90.5 | 1980 |
| YG12 | 11.7-12.2 | 13.9-14.5 | 87.5-89.5 | 2400 |
| YG15 | 14.6-15.2 | 13.9-14.2 | 87.5-89.0 | 2480 |
| YG20 | 19.6-20.2 | 13.4-13.7 | 85.5-88.0 | 2650 |
| YG25 | 24.5-25.2 | 12.9-13.2 | 84.5-87.5 | 2850 |